![]() Quizlet provides Executive Order 9981 activities, flashcards and games. Start learning today for free! The Committee shall continue to exist until such time as the President shall terminate its existence by Executive order. Harry Truman The White House July 26, 1948 Sources: Fed. Register 13 (1948): 4313. Desegregation of US Military “There shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion or national origin” - Executive Order 9981 Although African Americans have served on the frontlines of combat for the U.S. Since the Revolutionary War, it took President Harry Truman’s 1948 Executive Order to address and order an end to racial discrimination within the ranks of every branch of the U.S. Armed forces. One of the lesser known efforts to end discrimination was —a campaign mounted by African Americans during WWII to promote victory abroad against the nation’s enemies and at home from policies and practices that upheld discrimination. Tavis Smiley interviews Rawn James Jr., author of “The Double V: How Wars, Protest and Harry Truman Desegregated America's Military” about the significance of, President Harry Truman’s political relationship with the African American community, and the experience of several generations of African Americans who served the armed forces without full recognition of their rights as citizens. What kind of Double V strategies do you think are still being fought for today? By Patrick Feng The United States military of the present-day is comprised of servicemen and women of diverse social and racial backgrounds; all are dedicated to one common purpose: the defense of their country and its citizens. White, Black, Latin, Asian, and American Indian all serve side-by-side with dedication and distinction. However, the integration of the military is a more recent phenomenon than some may have originally thought. The date 26 July marks an important milestone in United States military history and race relations. On this date in 1948, President Harry S. Truman issued Executive Order 9981, which declared “that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion or national origin.” In short, it was an end to racial segregation in the military, a political act unmatched since the days of Reconstruction after the Civil War. This act has been described as the pinnacle of the Truman civil rights program and the climax of the struggle for racial equality in the armed forces. But in some ways, the order was simply a practical response to a presidential dilemma. Since the beginning of the American military, it had been an uphill struggle for African Americans and other minorities to prove their patriotism and devotion to the defense of the nation. During the American Revolution, blacks and whites served together in several units throughout the duration of the war. After the war, however, integration in the military would not be seen until after 1945. Prior to the issuing of Executive Order 9981, blacks and some other minorities were often segregated into separate units from their white counterparts. In many instances, these units were assigned menial tasks in the rear and rarely saw combat. Those African Americans that did see combat displayed great courage and bravery under fire, such as the famed 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Civil War, the 369th Infantry “Harlem Hellfighters” in World War I, and the 761st Tank Battalion in World War II.
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Март 2019
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